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Algebra II

The Discriminant

Lesson

The discriminant is the expression under the radical in the quadratic formula:

Δ=b24ac\Delta = b^2 - 4ac

Without solving the equation, the sign of Δ\Delta tells you how many real solutions a quadratic has.

  • Δ>0\Delta > 0two distinct real solutions.
  • Δ=0\Delta = 0one real solution (a double root).
  • Δ<0\Delta < 0no real solutions (the solutions are complex).

Worked example 1

x2+5x+6=0x^2 + 5x + 6 = 0

a=1,b=5,c=6a = 1, b = 5, c = 6.

Δ=524(1)(6)=2524=1\Delta = 5^2 - 4(1)(6) = 25 - 24 = 1

Discriminant is 1 (positive) → two real solutions.

Worked example 2

x2+4x+5=0x^2 + 4x + 5 = 0

a=1,b=4,c=5a = 1, b = 4, c = 5.

Δ=1620=4\Delta = 16 - 20 = -4

Discriminant is −4 (negative) → no real solutions.

Practice

Work through these. Stuck? Click Get a hint.

Warm-Up

Quick problems to get going.

Problem 1

x2+5x+6=0x^2 + 5x + 6 = 0

Problem 2

x2+4x+4=0x^2 + 4x + 4 = 0

Problem 3

x2+2x+5=0x^2 + 2x + 5 = 0

Problem 4

x26x+9=0x^2 - 6x + 9 = 0

Practice

Standard problems matching the lesson.

Problem 5

x2+7x+10=0x^2 + 7x + 10 = 0

Problem 6

x28x+15=0x^2 - 8x + 15 = 0

Problem 7

x2+4x+5=0x^2 + 4x + 5 = 0

Problem 8

x210x+25=0x^2 - 10x + 25 = 0

Problem 9

x2+3x4=0x^2 + 3x - 4 = 0

Problem 10

x22x+7=0x^2 - 2x + 7 = 0

Problem 11

2x2+3x+1=02x^2 + 3x + 1 = 0

Problem 12

2x25x+3=02x^2 - 5x + 3 = 0

Problem 13

3x2+2x+1=03x^2 + 2x + 1 = 0

Problem 14

x2+6x+9=0x^2 + 6x + 9 = 0

Problem 15

x2x6=0x^2 - x - 6 = 0

Problem 16

x2+3x+5=0x^2 + 3x + 5 = 0

Challenge

Harder problems — edge cases, trickier numbers, multiple steps.

Problem 17

4x24x+1=04x^2 - 4x + 1 = 0

Problem 18

5x27x+1=05x^2 - 7x + 1 = 0

Problem 19

3x2+5x2=03x^2 + 5x - 2 = 0

Problem 20

2x2+x+3=02x^2 + x + 3 = 0

Problem 21

6x211x+4=06x^2 - 11x + 4 = 0

Problem 22

9x2+12x+4=09x^2 + 12x + 4 = 0